世界10大摩天大楼

 admin   2022-07-28 03:10 
Beijing tour

10 tallest buildings in the world

世界10大摩天大楼

Written by Forrest Brown, CNN 由CNN Forrest Brown 撰写

Rising upward more than a century now, skyscrapers have emerged to become the symbol of urban style and might. And what started in the late 1800s continues dynamically into the 21st century as we build higher and higher.

一个多世纪以来,摩天大楼已经成为城市风格和力量的象征。从19世纪后期开始,随着我们不断地建造越来越高的建筑,进入21世纪还在不断地建造。

Why do we do it? Professor Valery Augustin of the USC School of Architecture and principal at DNA Architecture + Design says it could come down to one word: "Ego."

我们为什么要这么做?南加州大学建筑学院教授、DNA建筑+设计的负责人瓦莱丽·奥古斯汀说,这可以归结为一个词:“自我”。

"Skyscrapers are aspirational," Augustin told CNN. "Humans have always been fascinated by height. Whether it be Icarus or the Wright Brothers, we have always sought to escape the bonds of the gravity. Skyscrapers let us fly if only briefly."

 “摩天大楼令人向往,”奥古斯汀告诉CNN。“人类总是对高度着迷。无论是伊卡洛斯还是莱特兄弟,我们总是试图摆脱地心引力的束缚。摩天大楼让我们短暂地飞翔。”

And then there are the less lofty reasons for going taller -- such as maximizing land value and ever-improving technology and engineering capabilities, Augustin said.

奥古斯汀说,还有一些不那么崇高的理由,比如让土地价值最大化、不断提高技术和工程能力等

But have we reached the limits of how high we can build? Augustin doesn't think so.

但是,我们已经达到了我们可以建多高的极限了吗?奥古斯汀不这么认为。

"Engineers and architects are only now beginning to experiment with superlight, superstrong materials composites, graphene come to mind) that may allow us to keep pushing the envelope."

 “工程师和建筑师现在才开始试验超轻、超强材料复合材料,比如石墨烯,这可能会让我们不断突破极限。”

While we wait for the next record-breaker to come along, these are the 10 tallest completed buildings in the world by height of their architectural tops, which includes spires but not structures such as antennae or flagpoles:

在我们等待下一个破纪录者到来的时候,以下是世界上最高的10座完工建筑,它们的建筑高度包括尖塔,但不包括天线或旗杆等结构:

Published  21st October 2019    发表于21st October 2019

1.Taipei 101 (Taipei, Taiwan) 台北101(台湾台北)

Taipei 101 (Taipei, Taiwan) 台北101(台湾台北)

1 / 10 -10. Taipei 101 (Taipei, Taiwan): In the capital of Taiwan, Taipei 101 is rich in symbolism with the number 100 representing perfection and the extra "1" representing even further innovation. Click through the gallery for photos of nine other buildings that are even taller: ASHLEY PON/AFP/AFP/Getty Images

1 / 10 -10。台北101(台湾 台北):在台湾的首府,台北101有丰富的象征意义,数字100代表完美,额外的“1”代表更进一步的创新。点击下面的图片库,你可以看到其他九座甚至更高的建筑的图片。

阿什利·彭/法新社/法新社/盖蒂图片社

Location: Taipei, Taiwan地点:台湾台北市
Height: 508 meters (1,667 feet) | Floors: 101
高度: 508米(1,667英尺)| 楼层: 101层

Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2004
有观景台吗?是的 竣工时间: 2004年

Still the tallest building in Taiwan, it held the "tallest" title for the world from 2004 until 2010. While nine other skyscrapers since then have surpassed it, Taipei 101 remains a stunning spectacle.

它仍然是台湾最高的建筑,从2004年到2010年一直是世界最高建筑。自那以后,其他九座摩天大楼都超过了台北101大楼,但台北101大楼仍然是一个令人惊叹的景观。

"This building is notable because it essentially stands alone as there are no towers of similar size nearby," Augustin said.

奥古斯汀说:“这座建筑之所以引人注目,是因为它基本上是独立的,附近没有类似大小的塔楼。”

Evoking the image of a Chinese pagoda, it's built to withstand the strong earthquakes and typhoons that can hit the island.

这让人联想起中国的宝塔,它能抵御强烈的地震和台风。

2. CITIC Tower (Beijing, China) 中信大厦(中国北京) 中国尊

China Zun 中国尊

2 / 10 -9. CITIC Tower (Beijing, China): Beijing's tallest building is notable not only for its height but also its dramatic curving form that leaves the bottom and top wider than the middle.Shutterstock

2 / 10 -9。中信大厦(中国北京):北京最高的建筑不仅以其高度而闻名,而且其引人注目的曲线形状使其底部和顶部比中部更宽

Shutterstock网站提供图片

Location: Beijing地点:北京
Height: 527.7 meters (1,731 feet) | Floors: 109
高度: 527.7米(1,731英尺)Floor 楼层: 109层
Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2018
有观景台吗?是的 已完成: 2018年

Also called China Zun, the No. 9 skyscraper has a memorable form with the top and bottom of the structure wider than the middle floors. The shape is patterned after an ancient Chinese ritual vessel (the "zun").

也被称为中国尊,9号摩天大楼有一个令人难忘的造型,结构的顶部和底部比中间楼层更宽。这种造型是根据中国古代的礼器(“尊”)而设计的。

It's the tallest building in Beijing. Dedicated to office use, it has 101 elevators.

它是北京最高的建筑。它有101部电梯,专门用于办公用途。

Augustin said it was "one of the more elegant towers" of the top 10 list. "The tapered middle section evokes the appearance of a slender vase rising into the sky."

奥古斯汀说,它是“最优雅的塔之一”。“中间部分呈锥形,让人联想起细长花瓶升上天空的感觉。”

3. Tianjin CTF Finance Centre 天津周大福金融中心

Tianjin CTF Finance Centre 天津周大福金融中心

3 / 10 -8. Tianjin CTF Finance Centre (Tianjin, China): This building absolutely dominates the night skyline in Tianjin, a coastal city in China of more than 15 million. It was completed in 2018.VCG/Getty Images

3 / 10 -8。天津周大福金融中心(中国天津):这座建筑绝对主导天津夜晚的天际线,天津是一个拥有1500多万人口的沿海城市。它于2018年竣工。VGG/盖蒂图片社提供图片。

Location: Tianjin, China   地点:中国天津
Height: 530 meters (1,739 feet) | Floors:   96        

高度: 530米(1,739英尺)| 层数: 96层
Public observatory? No | Completed: 2019       

有观景台吗?没有 完成时间: 2019年

Tianjin CTF Financial Centre outreaches its nearby capital city rival by a relatively small measure -- just a couple of meters.

天津周大福金融中心(Tianjin CTF Financial Centre)仅以几米的微弱优势力压附近首都的竞争对手

The facade of the mixed-use building (office, hotel and serviced apartments) has gently undulating curves that help minimize wind force on the structure.

多功能建筑(办公、酒店和酒店式公寓)的外立面有柔和的起伏曲线,有助于最小化建筑结构所承受的风力。

Asia, and most particularly China, dominates this list, with cities and buildings many in the West may know little or nothing about.

亚洲,尤其是中国,占据了这份榜单的主导地位,许多西方国家的城市和建筑可能对此知之甚少,甚至一无所知。

"I would offer that skyscrapers are a symbol of economic power. And as such, they represent Asia's ascendancy as a dominant force in the world economy," Augustin said.

 “我认为摩天大楼是经济实力的象征。正因为如此,它们代表了亚洲作为世界经济主导力量的优势地位。

4. Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre 广州周大福金融中心

4 / 10 -7. Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre (Guangzhou, China): The building is so tall (530 meters) that it pokes above a sea of heavy clouds in this part of rainy south China.VCG/Visual China Group/VCG via Getty Images

4 / 10 -7。广州周大福金融中心(中国,广州):这座建筑非常高(530米),在多雨的华南地区,它矗立在一片云海之上。VCG/视觉中国集团/VCG通过盖蒂图片社。

Location: Guangzhou, China地点:中国广州
Height: 530 meters (1,739 feet) | Floors: 112

高度: 530米(1,739英尺)| 层数: 112层
Public observatory? No | Completed: 2016 

观景台有吗?没有 完成时间: 2016年

Yet another entry from dominant China, the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre is in the bustling southern port city of Guangzhou.

广州周大福金融中心(Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre)是另一个来自占据主导地位的中国的城市,位于繁华的南方港口城市广州。

Overlooking the Pearl River, the building's distinctive features include four setbacks, which allow for green sky terraces and skylights. And for now, it claims the title of having the world's fastest elevator.

俯瞰珠江,建筑的独特特点包括四个曲折,允许绿色的天空露台和天窗。现在,它号称拥有世界上最快的电梯。

Interestingly, the architectural height of the building matches its counterpart in Tianjin. But Guangzhou CTF has a higher occupied height at 495.5 meters while the CTF building in Tianjin has an occupied height of 439.4 meters.

有趣的是,这座建筑的建筑高度与天津相当。但是广州周大福金融中心(CTF)的占用高度更高,为495.5米,而天津周大福金融中心(CTF)大楼的占用高度为439.4米。

5. One World Trade Center (New York City, US) 世界贸易中心一号大楼(美国纽约市)

5 / 10 -6. One World Trade Center (New York City, US): New York City is rich in skyscrapers, but One World Trade Center easily rises above them all. Another building rich in symbolism, its height is 1,776 feet.STAN HONDA/AFP/AFP/Getty Images

5 / 10 -6。世界贸易中心一号大楼(美国纽约市):纽约市有很多摩天大楼,但是世界贸易中心一号大楼很容易就比所有的大楼都高。另一座富有象征意义的建筑,它的高度是1776英尺。STAN HONDA /法新社/法新社/盖蒂图片社

Location: New York City地点:纽约市
Height: 541.3 meters (1,776 feet) | Floors: 104

高度: 541.3米(1,776英尺)| 层数: 104 层
Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2014   

 有观景台吗?是的 完成时间: 2014年

Once the skyscraper capital of the world, New York has the lone Western Hemisphere entry on the current top 10 list.

曾是世界摩天大楼之都的纽约是目前唯一进入前十的西半球城市。

One World Trade Center replaced the Twin Towers destroyed in the 9/11 attacks, and the footprint of its cubic base is the same of the original two towers.

世贸中心一号大楼取代了在9/11袭击中被摧毁的双子塔,它的立方基地的占地面积与原来的两座大楼相同。

For Americans, it's a soaring symbol of resilience and has sleeker design than its boxy predecessors. And its height -- 1,776 feet for the year the Declaration of Independence was signed -- is no coincidence.

对美国人来说,它是坚韧的象征,比四四方方的前辈设计得更时尚。它的高度——《独立宣言》(Declaration of Independence) 签署那年的1776英尺——并非巧合。

6. Lotte World Tower (Seoul, South Korea) 乐天世界大厦(韩国首尔)

6 / 10 -5. Lotte World Tower (Seoul, South Korea): This dwarfs the other buildings in Seoul and offers stunning views of South Korea's capital. The design is inspired by traditional Korean pottery.Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images AsiaPac/Getty Images

6 / 10 -5。乐天世界大厦(韩国首尔):这使首尔的其他建筑相形见绌,并提供了韩国首都的美景。设计灵感来自传统的韩国陶器。Sung-Jun /盖蒂图片社AsiaPac /盖蒂图片社提供图片。

Location: Seoul地点:首尔
Height: 555 meters (1,821 feet) | Floors: 123

高度: 555米(1,821英尺)| 层数: 123层
Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2017      

有观景台吗?是的 完工时间: 2017

China doesn't have a total lock on skyscraper superlatives in Asia, with South Korea's Lotte World Tower coming in at No. 5.

中国在亚洲的摩天大楼排名并不完全靠前,韩国的乐天世界大厦(Lotte World Tower)排在第五位。

Skyscrapercenter.com notes that Lotte's design takes "inspiration from traditional Korean art forms."

摩天大楼网站Skyscrapercenter.com指出,乐天的设计“灵感来自传统的韩国艺术形式”。

Industrious Seoul has put the skyscraper to good use with retail, luxury hotel, apartment and office space. It even has a concert hall and rooftop cafe.

勤奋的首尔将摩天大楼与零售、豪华酒店、公寓和办公空间充分结合起来。它甚至有一个音乐厅和屋顶咖啡馆。

It's also served as the launching pad for a dramatic fireworks show.

它也被用作一个戏剧性的烟花表演的发射台。

7. Ping An IFC (Shenzhen, China) 平安国际金融中心(中国深圳)

7 / 10 -4. Ping An IFC (Shenzhen, China): This skyscraper is the perfect symbol for Shenzhen's pivot from its legacy as ground zero for China's manufacturing boom into a center for research, development and advanced technology.Bloomberg/Bloomberg/Bloomberg via Getty Images

7 / 10 -4。平安国际金融中心(中国深圳):这座摩天大楼是深圳从中国制造业繁荣的起点转向研究、开发和先进技术中心的完美象征。

彭博社/彭博社/彭博社通过盖蒂图片社提供图片

Location: Shenzhen, China地点:中国深圳
Height: 599.1 meters (1,965 feet) | Floors: 115

高度: 599.1米(1,965英尺)| 层数: 115层
Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2017

有观景台?是的 完工时间: 2017

Shenzhen, another economic powerhouse city in southern China near Hong Kong, makes its mark with the Ping An Finance Center.

深圳是中国南方靠近香港的另一个经济重镇,以平安金融中心而闻名。

It's a very slender building (its width-to-height aspect ratio is 1:10) with a facade of stainless steel and glass, according to TheTowerInfo.com.

据TheTowerInfo.com网站报道,这是一栋非常纤细的建筑(宽高比为1:10),外立面由不锈钢和玻璃构成。

This is "one of the better of the bunch," Augustin said. "The exterior provides notable structural expression as it rises from base to top."

奥古斯汀说,这是“一群摩天大楼中较好的一个”。“外部提供了显著的结构表达,因为它从底部直升到顶部。”

8. Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower (Mecca, Saudi Arabia 麦加皇家钟楼饭店(沙特阿拉伯麦加)

8 / 10 -3. Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower (Mecca, Saudi Arabia): This is a view of the Abraj Al-Bait Towers (as it's also known) from the Grand Mosque in the holy Muslim city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia.FAYEZ NURELDINE/AFP/AFP/Getty Images

8 / 10 -3。麦加皇家钟楼饭店(沙特阿拉伯麦加):这是从沙特阿拉伯圣城麦加的大清真寺看到的麦加皇家钟塔(Abraj Al-Bait塔)Abraj Al-Bait塔。

FAYEZ NURELDINE /法新社/法新社/盖蒂图片社

Location: Mecca, Saudi Arabia地点:沙特阿拉伯麦加
Height: 601 meters (1,972 feet) | Floors: 120

高度: 601米(1,972英尺)| 层数: 120 层
Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2012      

观景台?是的      完成时间: 2012年

The Makkah Royal Clock Tower is the most distinctive structure in the Top 10, and it's the first of two buildings from the Middle East in the round-up.

麦加皇家钟楼是十大建筑中最独特的建筑,它是中东地区两栋建筑物中的第一栋。

Built in the busy center of Mecca next to the Grand Mosque, the tower offers a place for devout Muslims that make the Hajj journey.

塔建在麦加繁忙的中心,紧邻大清真寺,为虔诚的穆斯林提供了朝圣之旅的地方。

"True to its name, four colossal clock faces are mounted near the top of the tower. These clocks hold the record for both the largest and highest in the world," according to Skyscrapercenter.com.

正如其名,四个巨大的钟面被安装在塔的顶部附近。这些钟同时保持着世界上最大和最高的纪录。”

9. Shanghai Tower (Shanghai, China) 上海中心大厦(中国上海)

9 / 10 -2. Shanghai Tower (Shanghai, China): The Shanghai Tower, lit up in blue, is notable not only for its dizzying height (the tallest building in China) but for its green sustainability.Kevin Lee/Getty Images AsiaPac/Getty Images

9 / 10 -2。上海中心大厦(中国上海):上海中心大厦,在蓝色的灯光下,不仅以其令人目眩的高度(中国最高的建筑),而且以其绿色的可持续性而闻名。Kevin Lee/亚洲太平洋图片社/盖蒂图片社

Location: Shanghai, China地点:中国上海
Height: 632 meters (2,073 feet) | Floors: 126

高度: 632米(2,073英尺)| 层数: 126 层
Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2015   

有观景台?是的 完成时间: 2015年

While China dominates the list, no city in China itself has a monopoly. And it should probably come as no surprise that prosperous Shanghai has the tallest building in China and second tallest in the world.

虽然中国在榜单上占据主导地位,但中国没有一个城市拥有垄断地位。繁荣的上海拥有中国第一高楼和世界第二高楼,这应该不足为奇。

The building is visually arresting with its twisting, spiral shape headed into the sky. And that look isn't just for show -- it helps the building better withstand winds than a traditional rectangular structure.

从视觉上看,这座建筑引人注目,螺旋形的轮廓一直延伸到天空。这种外观不仅仅是为了展示——它有助于建筑比传统的矩形结构更好地抵御风。

Shanghai Tower is host to retail shops, restaurants, offices and hotels.

上海中心大厦是零售商店、餐馆、办公室和酒店的所在地。

"Architecturally, this one is the best of the bunch," Augustin said. "Elegant and inventive."

奥古斯汀说:“从建筑上看,这是其中最好的一个。”“优雅和创新。”

10. Burj Khalifa (Dubai, UAE) 哈利法塔(迪拜,阿联酋)

10 / 10 -1. Burj Khalifa (Dubai, UAE): General view of Burj Khalifa during a heavy fog in Dubai gives you an idea of this building's current dominance. At 828 meters (2,717 feet), it's world's tallest building by almost 200 meters.Tom Dulat/Getty Images Europe/Getty Images

10 / 10 -1。哈利法塔(迪拜,阿联酋):在迪拜浓雾笼罩的时候,哈利法塔的全景让你了解到这座建筑目前的主导地位。它高828米(2717英尺),是世界上最高的建筑,比第二名高出近200米。Tom Dulat/盖蒂图片社欧洲/盖蒂图片社提供图片。

Location: Dubai地点:迪拜
Height: 828 meters (2,716 feet) | Floors: 163

高度: 828米(2716英尺)| 楼层: 163层
Public observatory? Yes | Completed: 2010    

有观景台台?是的 完成时间: 2010年

Like Dubai itself, the Burj Khalifa is setting the pace in the early part of the 21st century.

和迪拜一样,哈利法塔也在21世纪初引领着潮流。

Blending Islamic influences with modern, energy-saving features, Burj Khalifa "redefined what is possible in the design and engineering of supertall buildings," according to Skyscraper.com. It also connects to Dubai's mass transit system, making it both beautiful and practical.

据Skyscraper.com报道,哈利法塔融合了伊斯兰教的影响和现代节能的特点,“重新定义了超高建筑设计和工程的可能性”。它还连接到迪拜的公共交通系统,使它既美观又实用。

Augustin called it "exhilarating yet frightening at the same time. Not significant architecturally but perhaps notable as a testament to the will and ingenuity of humankind."

奥古斯汀称它“既令人兴奋又令人恐惧”。在建筑上并不重要,但作为人类的意志和创造力的证明,也许是值得注意的。”

Towers to come 没有最高,只有更高

 The top 10 skyscrapers might not be able to hold onto their statuses as tallest for too long.

排名前10的摩天大楼可能无法长时间保持其最高状态。

New projects are already underway, including Jeddah Tower in Saudi Arabia, which aims for a height of 1,000 meters. Completed as planned, it would immediately claim the No. 1 spot.

新的项目已经在进行中,包括沙特阿拉伯的吉达塔,它的目标高度是1000米。按计划完工后,它将立即占据第一名的位置。

And Goldin Finance 117 (another Tianjin, China, effort) is scheduled to be finished in 2020. At 596.6 meters, it would claim the No. 5 spot and knock Taipei 101 off the list.

高银金融117(中国天津的另一个项目)计划在2020年完工。以596.6米的高度,它将成为第5名,并将台北101从名单上抹去。

The rankings for this story are from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat and can be found on Skyscrapercenter.com.

上述排名来自高层建筑和城市人居理事会,可以在Skyscrapercenter.com上找到。

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