Buddha means "enlightened." Buddha is also known as Tathagata, world solution, and bhagawan. Buddhist emphasis on the human mind and consciousness and moral progress. According to the Buddhist point of view, people are alike with other beings who were forced to sink to the pain and keep the web of life and death. Only people who can try to get rid of ignorance can escape from the three realms of samsara. Siddhartha Gautama became Buddha in the age of 35, and he advocated the truth he found to people. Buddhists practicing Buddhism on the purpose of seeing through the truth of life and the universe through the truth realized by Siddhartha, and ultimately transcend death and suffering, get rid of all the troubles, get exactly free.
History factions of Buddhism
Buddhism was produced in the 10th century BC in ancient India. Siddhartha Gautama is the name of its founder. He left home at the age of 20 and became enlightened. And then he was addressed "Buddha" respectfully, which means Enlightened One, referred to as "Buddha". The religion he preached is called "Buddhism."
For hundreds of years after the Buddha now show Nirvana, Buddhism spread throughout the Indian subcontinent. Depending on the different understanding of the original Buddhist doctrine by the interior, the Buddhism split into the Early Buddhist schools period, divided into Theravada and the public ministry. Mostly of the Theravada Buddhism are several Theravada factions, popular in Sri Lanka, and spread throughout Southeast Asia, and then transferred to the Chinese Yunnan.
Buddhism was introduced into China's exact age is inconclusive as there are a lot of sayings. It was roughly transferred to China in Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties. There are three factions of Buddhism including Chinese Buddhist, Tibetan Buddhism and Theravada Buddhism.
From Northern and Southern Dynasties Buddhism entered China and began to flourish stage. In Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhism are spread throughout the country. The number of monks and Buddhists at home increased rapidly. The number of monks and nuns in Chang’an in the north was over 10,000 while Jianye south (now Nanjing) has hundreds of temples.
Sui and Tang Dynasty is the peak of Chinese Buddhism. The emperor of Sui worshiped the Buddhism and the Tang emperor worship Taoism. As for many other religions, such as Buddhism, they adopted a liberal and protecting policy. Chinese Buddhism gradually developed.
After the founding of People's Republic of China, the first Chinese Buddhist circles together with people across the country took part in the land reform movement, the abolition of the feudal landlordism and other kinds of exploitation, growing cause of Buddhism. In November 1952, the Preparatory Office of the Buddhist Association of China was established. In 1953 Chinese Buddhist Association was founded in Beijing. China's reform and opening up, the policy of religious freedom was restored and implemented, the Chinese Buddhist got new development.
The relationship with Chinese Culture
Architecture
Buddhism exerted great influence and role on Chinese culture. In the history of China, it has left a brilliant Buddhist cultural heritage. For example, most of China's ancient architecture has been preserved is Buddhist temples. Many Buddhist architecture has become the contours of the landscape around the prominent landmark. Dunhuang, Yungang, Longmen Grottoes is a treasure trove of ancient art in the world-famous sculpture, which absorbed the key features of Gandhara and India, and has developed into Sculpture Chinese national style, is a great cultural heritage in China.
Literature
Buddhism also brought a new mood, a new style, a new life meaning words and methods for Chinese culture. Wisdom and Zen had influenced Tao Yuanming, Wang Wei, Bai Juyi, Su Shi's poetry. Bianwen and Zen Master's quotations have a deep relationship with Chinese popular literature.
Painting and Music
The moving story of Buddhist artists often became the subject of painting, Cao Buxing, Gu Kaizhi, Zhang Sengji, Zhan Ziyu, Yan Liben, Wu Daozi and other ancient Buddhist painter painted good Buddhist paintings and had their artistry handed down. Chinese Painting by Wang Wei is a school of literati painting and the development of Song and Yuan dynasties prevailed whichis similar with Zen ideas Thus Buddhism is on the role of the art of painting. As for music, in the 3rd century AD, the Chinese have been chanting the epidemic. Tang Dynasty music has absorbed the Tianzhu music, Kucha music, country music and other music from Buddhist countries. Nowadays, there are a small part of the Tang Dynasty music stored in some Buddhist temples.
Languages and Scripts
In Chinese history, Buddhism and cultural relations so deep, do not understand Buddhism means do not understand Chinese culture. Such as the history of China Xuanzang, this great translator, traveler, home language and Buddhist master for whom in the writings of Western scholars have left a proper chapter in the history of the world. Mr. Liang Qichao had statistics compiled by the Japanese, "Dictionary of Buddhism", which received a total of "thirty-five thousand thousand words" Chinese Buddhist vocabulary. Buddhism vocabulary not only occupy a large part of Chinese vocabulary, but also includes a large number of high-end line and on vocabulary, from the breadth and depth of greatly expanding the Chinese culture.
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