Description: Hui nationality (回族), with a population of 9,820,000, is the most widespread distribution ethnic minority in China. They gather in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region primarily and also scatter in somewhere else such as Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Henan, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang.
Language: The common language of Hui nationality is Chinese and the second language is Arabic.
Religion: Hui nationality believes in Islamis. Where they gather, there is a mosque. Mosque takes an important role in the life of Hui people.
Clothing Culture: Muslim clothing has distinctive ethnic characteristic. They still maintain the traditional dress of Central Asians. The most notable feature is that men wear a small white hat, while women with colorful turban. The small white hat has two main types: flat-roofed and six-angles. Women are also pay more attention to the color of the turban. Elderly woman’s is white, while the black is for mid-aged woman and the green is for unmarried girl.
Food Character: Flour-made food is served as the traditional staple food. Hand-pulled noodles is very popular. Dessert takes an important part in Hui people such as sweet twist, cut cake, sweet Sazi, and so on. Islamism advocates to eat mutton and beef and ban from pork, donkey meat and mule. Tea is the important component in Hui’s diet life, which is viewed as the daily drink as well as the treasure hospitality drink.
Festivals: Eid-ul-Fitr (开斋节)—Eid-ul-Fitr is the most honorable, most auspicious and happiest festival for Hui people. It is the 9th month of the Islamic calendar. They usually fast for one month as a commemoration. The fasting people eat breakfast before dawn, then refuse all food until the sun set. During Eid-ul-Fitr, every household do cleaning, put on new clothes and cook delicious food.
Eid Adha (古尔邦节)---Eid Adha is one of the grand festivals of Hui people, held on 10th, December of the Islamic calendar. They make prayer, kill animal and dine together as the main content. This festival originate from the story of prophet-Mohammed Ibrahim.
Maulid al-Nabi (圣纪节)---Maulid al-Nabi is held in memory of the birthday of Mohammed. On the day of festival, Hui people assemble in Mosque, chant, pray and tell the life story of Mohammed. Then Moslem volunteer ti donate meat, flour and cooking oil and made cooking and every odd jobs of one’s own accord. After the ceremony, they dine together.
Achievement: Hui people make great contribution to the culture and scientific technology. In Yuan Dynasty, they introduce the astronomy, music, architecture and medicine of West Asia. China’s four great inventions (paper making, commercial printing, gunpowder and compass) were also spread to western countries by Hui business men. The music of Hui nationality was prevailing in Yuan Dynasty, one component of court music.
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