Xinjiang Travel Guide
Location: Xinjiang is situated in the northwest of China, the Mongolian Uplands.
Population: 21,813,334
Area: with an area of 166 square kilometers
Nationalities: Uygur, Kazak, Hui, Mongolian, Manchu, Tajik, Ozbek, Tatar
History: According to the record, the history of Xinjiang could be traced back to 2,000BC. Too many empires such as Han, Turkic, and Mongolic have ruled over the region. Xinjiang first passed under Chinese rule in the 1st cent. BC, when the emperor Wu Ti send a Chinese army to defeat the Huns and occupied the region.
In the 2d cent AD, China lost Xinjiang to the Uzbek Confederation but reoccupied it in the mid-7th cent. It was conquered (8th cent.) by the Tibetans, overrun by the Uigurs, who established a kingdom there, and subsequently invaded (10th cent.) by the Arabs. Xinjiang passed to the Mongols in the 13th cent. An anarchic period followed until the Manchus established (1756) loose control.
The subsequent relations between China and Xinjiang were marked by cultural and religious conflict, bloody rebellions, and tribal dissensions. Xinjiang became a Chinese province in 1881, but even as late as the establishment of the Chinese republic in 1912 it remained more or less independent of the central government. Rebellions in 1936, 1937, and 1944 further eased Chinese rule.
Climate: With mountains all around, Xinjiang enjoys conspicuous continental climate. The annual average temperature is 11.7℃. The average temperature of July, the hottest month, is about 25℃ and January, the coldest, about 20℃. The difference in temperature is big between day and night. The sunshine time can reach up to 2，500-3, 500hours a year. Its mean annual precipitation is 150mm.
Transportation: Air-Xinjiang has the most airports in China. Xinjiang Airline takes control of 22 airports surrounding in Urumqi, Kashgar, Kolar, Hotan, etc.
Highway-With Urumqi as the center, the road capability has been improved and formed a transportation network. Xinjiang include 7 national highways, 60 provincial highways and so forth.
Specialties: Xinjiang Carpet, Dongbula, Adelai Silk, Jade Article
Local Food: The regular food in Xinjiang is mutton, beef, chicken, eggs and fish. The representative dishes are Hand Pircked Frie Rice (Shou Zhua Fan), Shashlik (Yang Rou Chuan)
Attractions: Xinjiang Tianshan Mountain – Tianshan Mountain is a large mountain running through central Xinjiang Province. With an average altitude of 5,000 meters, the mountain extends for 1,700 kms. The massif of Tianshan Mountain is comprised of three parts: mountainous area, intermountain basin and piedmont plain.
Ancient Gaochang City
Gaochang is the site of an ancient oasis city built on the northern rim of the inhospitable Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang, China. Anciet Gaochang city was built in the 1st century BC. Gaochang served long as a busy important trading center, and a stopping point for merchant traders traveling on the Silk Route.
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